Redken Acidic Bonding Curls Silicone-Free Leave-In Treatment

DESCRIPTION

What It Does: Provides deep moisturization with rich oleic acid, phytosterols, and lutein antioxidants for mature, dry skin.

Why It's Used: Rich, deeply penetrating oil for dry and mature skin requiring intensive emolliency beyond lightweight oils.

How It Works: Very high oleic acid (55-74%) penetrates deeply into stratum corneum for conditioning. beta-sitosterol and other phytosterols provide barrier repair and mild anti-inflammatory activity. lutein provides antioxidant protection. high unsaponifiable fraction (2-11%) provides unique skin bioactives.

Typically Found In: Rich moisturizers,dry skin oils,anti-aging formulas,body butters

TECHNICAL DETAILS

Primary Category: Functional ingredient – emollient

Secondary Functions: Deep penetrating emollient,phytosterol activity,anti-aging

Application Areas:

Facial Skincare

Body Care

Hair Care

Beard Care

Color Cosmetics (Makeup)

Dietary/Oral Supplements

Typical Concentration Range: 1%–50%

SOURCING & ETHICS

Vegan Status: Yes – from persea gratissima fruits

Halal Status: Yes

Source Notes: Cold-pressed from avocado fruit flesh. high unsaponifiable fraction (unsaponified lipids) makes avocado oil uniquely bioactive vs other oils with low unsaponifiable content.

SKIN COMPATIBILITY

Irritancy Rating: 1/5 – very low

Comedogenicity Rating: 3/5 – moderate; high oleic acid; test for skin type

Sensitivity Concerns: Non-irritating.

Safe for Sensitive Skin: Yes

SAFETY & COMPATIBILITY

Safety Profile: Excellent safety profile. ewg score: 1.

Works Well With: Humectants,ceramides,actives as carrier

Avoid Combining With: No significant incompatibilities

SCIENTIFIC NOTE

Avocado oil's unusually high unsaponifiable fraction (2-11% vs <2% for most plant oils) contains phytosterols, terpenes, vitamin e, and chlorophyll that remain after saponification and provide skin-active benefits not present in most other plant oils. this unsaponifiable fraction is what makes avocado oil pharmacologically distinct from simple fatty acid triglyceride oils.

Last Verified: Cosing database,dreher & davenport avocado review,cir safety assessment

Primary Sources: 2026-03-12

DESCRIPTION

What It Does: Provides emollient conditioning, essential fatty acid supplementation, and barrier lipid support from the natural triglyceride/wax ester composition.

Why It's Used: Natural carrier oils provide sc-compatible lipid composition for genuine barrier integration rather than surface-only occlusion.

How It Works: Fatty acid triglycerides integrate into sc lipid bilayers delivering oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acid for emolliency and barrier repair; essential fatty acids serve as ceramide biosynthesis precursors.

Typically Found In: Botanical skin care,natural products

TECHNICAL DETAILS

Primary Category: Active ingredient – antioxidant

Secondary Functions: Free radical scavenging,anti-aging

Application Areas:

Facial Skincare

Body Care

Hair Care

Beard Care

Color Cosmetics (Makeup)

Dietary/Oral Supplements

Typical Concentration Range: 0.1%–30%

SOURCING & ETHICS

Vegan Status: Conditional

Halal Status: Conditional

Source Notes: Plant-derived extract or synthetic.

SKIN COMPATIBILITY

Irritancy Rating: 1/5 – very low

Comedogenicity Rating: 0/5 – non-comedogenic

Sensitivity Concerns: Non-irritating; well-tolerated.

Safe for Sensitive Skin: Yes

SAFETY & COMPATIBILITY

Safety Profile: Excellent safety profile. ewg score: 1.

Works Well With: Vitamin c,vitamin e,ferulic acid,spf,other antioxidants

Avoid Combining With: No significant incompatibilities

SCIENTIFIC NOTE

Plant secondary metabolites evolved for uv photoprotection and pathogen defence — mechanisms directly applicable to cosmetic antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in human skin.

Last Verified: Cosing database,camelina sativa seed oil botanical review

Primary Sources: 2026-03-12

DESCRIPTION

What It Does: Provides the defining intense lemon-citrus fragrance note.

Why It's Used: The lemon scent compound – citral defines the fresh lemon scent in lemon essential oil and lemongrass with potent antimicrobial activity.

How It Works: Mixture of e-isomer (geranial) and z-isomer (neral). antimicrobial via michael addition to thiol enzymes. inhibits nf-kb for anti-inflammatory activity. antioxidant via allylic aldehyde.

Typically Found In: Citrus fragrances,antibacterial products,lemon-scented cosmetics

TECHNICAL DETAILS

Primary Category: Fragrance component – lemon aldehyde

Secondary Functions: Skin conditioning

Application Areas:

Facial Skincare

Body Care

Hair Care

Beard Care

Color Cosmetics (Makeup)

Dietary/Oral Supplements

Typical Concentration Range: 0.001%–0.5%

SOURCING & ETHICS

Vegan Status: Yes – from lemon, lemongrass, melissa oils

Halal Status: Yes

Source Notes: Commercially produced for cosmetic use. verify vegan/halal status with supplier.

SKIN COMPATIBILITY

Irritancy Rating: 1/5 – very low

Comedogenicity Rating: 0/5 – non-comedogenic

Sensitivity Concerns: Well-tolerated by most skin types.

Safe for Sensitive Skin: Yes

SAFETY & COMPATIBILITY

Safety Profile: Eu cosmetics regulation: declared fragrance allergen. high sensitisation potential from alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde structure. ifra strict limits.

Works Well With: Standard skincare actives

Avoid Combining With: No known significant incompatibilities

SCIENTIFIC NOTE

Citral's high sensitisation potential (llna ec3 ~0.11%) is a consequence of its alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde structure providing a highly reactive michael acceptor for skin protein covalent binding. the e/z mixture (geranial/neral) in natural citral means both isomers contribute to the sensitisation burden – explaining why lemongrass oil (very high citral content, ~60-80%) is one of the more common essential oil allergens.

Last Verified: Cosing database,ifra standards

Primary Sources: 2026-03-12

DESCRIPTION

What It Does: Adjusts ph to optimal ranges, chelates destabilizing metal ions, provides mild exfoliation at higher concentrations.

Why It's Used: Universal cosmetic ph adjuster and chelating agent. aha exfoliant activity is secondary.

How It Works: As ph adjuster, donates protons. as chelating agent, three carboxylic groups bind divalent metals (ca²⁺, mg²⁺, fe²⁺) preventing oxidative degradation.

Typically Found In: Nearly all cosmetic formulations,brightening products,exfoliants

TECHNICAL DETAILS

Primary Category: Active ingredient – alpha hydroxy acid (aha)

Secondary Functions: Chelating agent,ph adjustment,preservation enhancement

Application Areas:

Facial Skincare

Body Care

Hair Care

Beard Care

Color Cosmetics (Makeup)

Dietary/Oral Supplements

Typical Concentration Range: 0.1%–10%

SOURCING & ETHICS

Vegan Status: Yes – synthetic or fermentation-derived

Halal Status: Yes

Source Notes: Produced by fermentation of sugars by aspergillus niger. gras (e330). most abundant organic acid in citrus.

SKIN COMPATIBILITY

Irritancy Rating: 1/5 – very low at low concentrations; 2/5 at exfoliant concentrations

Comedogenicity Rating: 0/5 – non-comedogenic

Sensitivity Concerns: Photosensitizing – mandatory spf use. start at low frequency.

Safe for Sensitive Skin: Use with caution – spf required

SAFETY & COMPATIBILITY

Safety Profile: Safe at otc concentrations. eu: ≤10% leave-on at ph ≥3.5. mandatory spf advisory.

Works Well With: Niacinamide,ceramides,hyaluronic acid,spf

Avoid Combining With: Retinol in same step; multiple exfoliants simultaneously

SCIENTIFIC NOTE

Three carboxylic acid groups provide multiple proton donation sites and stronger chelation than monocarboxylic ahas. this makes citric acid the preferred cosmetic chelating agent alongside edta.

Last Verified: Cosing database,cir safety assessment,ewg skin deep

Primary Sources: 2026-03-12

DESCRIPTION

What It Does: Provides soft, lasting rose-floral fragrance note.

Why It's Used: Essential rose fragrance monoterpene for lasting smooth floral notes in high-quality perfumery and cosmetic fragrances.

How It Works: Allylic alcohol monoterpene provides fixative property in fragrance blends. good skin substantivity for lasting scent. softer, rounder rose note vs geraniol's fresher character. natural in rose otto at 18-34%.

Typically Found In: Rose perfumes,floral fragrances,luxury skincare

TECHNICAL DETAILS

Primary Category: Fragrance component – monoterpene alcohol

Secondary Functions: Skin conditioning

Application Areas:

Facial Skincare

Body Care

Hair Care

Beard Care

Color Cosmetics (Makeup)

Dietary/Oral Supplements

Typical Concentration Range: 0.001%–1%

SOURCING & ETHICS

Vegan Status: Yes – from rose, geranium, citronella oils

Halal Status: Yes

Source Notes: Commercially produced for cosmetic use. verify vegan/halal status with supplier.

SKIN COMPATIBILITY

Irritancy Rating: 1/5 – very low

Comedogenicity Rating: 0/5 – non-comedogenic

Sensitivity Concerns: Well-tolerated by most skin types.

Safe for Sensitive Skin: Yes

SAFETY & COMPATIBILITY

Safety Profile: Eu cosmetics regulation: declared fragrance allergen. ifra guidelines apply.

Works Well With: Standard skincare actives

Avoid Combining With: No known significant incompatibilities

SCIENTIFIC NOTE

Citronellol's r-enantiomer (natural) vs s-enantiomer (synthetic) provide meaningfully different scent character – a remarkable demonstration of chiral scent discrimination by olfactory receptors. the (r) form provides the characteristic rose note while the (s) form has a distinctly different, less pleasant character. this enantiomeric scent difference means that the biological handedness of naturally-sourced vs racemic synthetic citronellol produces perceptibly different fragrance quality.

Last Verified: Cosing database,ifra standards

Primary Sources: 2026-03-12

DESCRIPTION

What It Does: Provides documented cosmetic activity from edta.

Why It's Used: Edta delivers formulation value through its specific biological activity and established safety and efficacy.

How It Works: Source: edta. mechanism: documented in cosmetic literature. safety: cosing-reviewed. standard cosmetic use concentrations.

Typically Found In: Skin care formulations,active products

TECHNICAL DETAILS

Primary Category: Active ingredient – antioxidant

Secondary Functions: Free radical scavenging,anti-aging

Application Areas:

Facial Skincare

Body Care

Hair Care

Beard Care

Color Cosmetics (Makeup)

Dietary/Oral Supplements

Typical Concentration Range: 0.1%–5%

SOURCING & ETHICS

Vegan Status: Conditional

Halal Status: Yes

Source Notes: Plant-derived extract or synthetic.

SKIN COMPATIBILITY

Irritancy Rating: 1/5 – very low

Comedogenicity Rating: 0/5 – non-comedogenic

Sensitivity Concerns: Non-irritating; well-tolerated.

Safe for Sensitive Skin: Yes

SAFETY & COMPATIBILITY

Safety Profile: Excellent safety profile. ewg score: 1.

Works Well With: Vitamin c,vitamin e,ferulic acid,spf,other antioxidants

Avoid Combining With: No significant incompatibilities

SCIENTIFIC NOTE

Edta provides cosmetic activity through its characteristic mechanism. at standard concentrations it delivers documented biological activity with an established safety profile from cosmetic science literature and regulatory review.

Last Verified: Cosing database,edta technical literature

Primary Sources: 2026-03-12

DESCRIPTION

What It Does: Provides warm clove fragrance note with local anaesthetic and antimicrobial properties.

Why It's Used: Natural local anaesthetic fragrance – eugenol provides clove's dual function as both a fragrance compound and a topical anaesthetic used in dentistry for pain relief.

How It Works: Activates trpv1 for local anaesthetic desensitisation (same mechanism as capsaicin but much weaker). inhibits cox and lox for anti-inflammatory activity. membrane disruption for antimicrobial activity. antioxidant via phenolic radical scavenging.

Typically Found In: Spice fragrances,dental products,clove-scented cosmetics

TECHNICAL DETAILS

Primary Category: Fragrance component – phenylpropanoid

Secondary Functions: Skin conditioning

Application Areas:

Facial Skincare

Body Care

Hair Care

Beard Care

Color Cosmetics (Makeup)

Dietary/Oral Supplements

Typical Concentration Range: 0.001%–0.5%

SOURCING & ETHICS

Vegan Status: Yes – from clove essential oil (syzygium aromaticum)

Halal Status: Yes

Source Notes: Commercially produced for cosmetic use. verify vegan/halal status with supplier.

SKIN COMPATIBILITY

Irritancy Rating: 1/5 – very low

Comedogenicity Rating: 0/5 – non-comedogenic

Sensitivity Concerns: Well-tolerated by most skin types.

Safe for Sensitive Skin: Yes

SAFETY & COMPATIBILITY

Safety Profile: Eu cosmetics regulation: declared fragrance allergen. ifra guidelines apply. sensitiser at high concentrations.

Works Well With: Standard skincare actives

Avoid Combining With: No known significant incompatibilities

SCIENTIFIC NOTE

Eugenol's dental anaesthetic use predates modern pharmaceutical dentistry – oil of cloves (primarily eugenol) has been used for toothache relief for centuries. modern dentistry still uses eugenol in zinc oxide-eugenol cement for temporary cavity filling, where eugenol's trpv1 desensitisation provides pain relief while zinc oxide provides structural material – a pharmaceutical application of a fragrance compound still standard in clinical dentistry.

Last Verified: Cosing database,ifra standards,eugenol dental review

Primary Sources: 2026-03-12

DESCRIPTION

What It Does: Glycerin pulls water from the environment and deeper skin layers into the outer skin layer (epidermis), boosting moisture levels and keeping skin soft, smooth, and plump.

Why It's Used: It is used in virtually every moisturizer, serum, and cleanser because it is highly effective at hydrating skin, is well-tolerated by all skin types, and enhances the texture and spreadability of formulations.

How It Works: As a humectant, glycerin forms hydrogen bonds with water molecules, trapping them in the skin. it also reinforces the skin barrier by integrating into lipid structures between skin cells.

Typically Found In: Moisturizers,serums,cleansers,toners,sheet masks,sunscreens,body lotions,shampoos,conditioners

TECHNICAL DETAILS

Primary Category: Humectant

Secondary Functions: Skin barrier support,emollient,solvent

Application Areas:

Facial Skincare

Body Care

Hair Care

Beard Care

Color Cosmetics (Makeup)

Dietary/Oral Supplements

Typical Concentration Range: 1%–30% (typical: 3–10%)

SOURCING & ETHICS

Vegan Status: Yes – plant-derived (coconut, soy, palm) or synthetic

Halal Status: Yes – when plant-derived or synthetic; verify source with supplier

Source Notes: Derived from plant oils via hydrolysis or saponification; synthetic versions also available. palm-derived glycerin carries sustainability concerns.

SKIN COMPATIBILITY

Irritancy Rating: 1/5 – very low; non-irritating at all standard concentrations

Comedogenicity Rating: 0/5 – non-comedogenic

Sensitivity Concerns: Extremely rare allergic reactions; generally safe for all skin types including sensitive and baby skin

Safe for Sensitive Skin: Yes

SAFETY & COMPATIBILITY

Safety Profile: Widely recognized as safe. ewg hazard score: 1. no significant concerns for irritation, sensitization, or toxicity at typical concentrations (up to 50%).

Works Well With: Hyaluronic acid,ceramides,niacinamide,panthenol,urea,peptides,retinol,ahas/bhas

Avoid Combining With: No known incompatibilities at standard concentrations

SCIENTIFIC NOTE

Glycerin is an endogenous skin component found naturally in the stratum corneum. aquaporin-3 channels in keratinocytes facilitate glycerin transport, making it integral to natural skin hydration pathways.

Last Verified: Cosing database,cir safety assessment,ewg skin deep,inci decoder

Primary Sources: 2026-03-12

DESCRIPTION

What It Does: Provides nmf amino acid skin conditioning and collagen-constituent support.

Why It's Used: The collagen amino acid — glycine is the most abundant amino acid in collagen (every third residue in the triple helix is glycine) making topical glycine the most physiologically relevant collagen-support amino acid.

How It Works: Nmf component via zwitterionic water retention. collagen triple helix requires gly-x-y repeat where glycine's small size allows close packing. wound healing via fibroblast glutathione synthesis support. anti-inflammatory via glycine-gated chloride channel activation (inhibitory neuromodulator).

Typically Found In: Skin conditioning products,wound healing,nmf moisturisers

TECHNICAL DETAILS

Primary Category: Active ingredient – simplest amino acid

Secondary Functions: Skin conditioning

Application Areas:

Facial Skincare

Body Care

Hair Care

Beard Care

Color Cosmetics (Makeup)

Dietary/Oral Supplements

Typical Concentration Range: 0.5%–5%

SOURCING & ETHICS

Vegan Status: Yes – fermentation or synthetic

Halal Status: Yes

Source Notes: Commercially produced for cosmetic use. verify vegan/halal status with supplier.

SKIN COMPATIBILITY

Irritancy Rating: 1/5 – very low

Comedogenicity Rating: 0/5 – non-comedogenic

Sensitivity Concerns: Well-tolerated by most skin types.

Safe for Sensitive Skin: Yes

SAFETY & COMPATIBILITY

Safety Profile: Good safety profile at recommended concentrations. ewg score: 1–2.

Works Well With: Standard skincare actives

Avoid Combining With: No known significant incompatibilities

SCIENTIFIC NOTE

Glycine's mandatory presence at every third position in collagen's triple helix (gly-x-y repeat) arises from its unique zero side-chain structure — only glycine is small enough to fit at the sterically restricted centre of the triple helix where the three polypeptide chains cross. no other amino acid can substitute for glycine in the collagen triple helix without disrupting the structure, making glycine irreplaceable in collagen biology.

Last Verified: Cosing database,cir safety assessment

Primary Sources: 2026-03-12

DESCRIPTION

What It Does: Provides nmf amino acid skin conditioning and collagen-constituent support.

Why It's Used: The collagen amino acid — glycine is the most abundant amino acid in collagen (every third residue in the triple helix is glycine) making topical glycine the most physiologically relevant collagen-support amino acid.

How It Works: Nmf component via zwitterionic water retention. collagen triple helix requires gly-x-y repeat where glycine's small size allows close packing. wound healing via fibroblast glutathione synthesis support. anti-inflammatory via glycine-gated chloride channel activation (inhibitory neuromodulator).

Typically Found In: Skin conditioning products,wound healing,nmf moisturisers

TECHNICAL DETAILS

Primary Category: Active ingredient – simplest amino acid

Secondary Functions: Skin conditioning

Application Areas:

Facial Skincare

Body Care

Hair Care

Beard Care

Color Cosmetics (Makeup)

Dietary/Oral Supplements

Typical Concentration Range: 0.5%–5%

SOURCING & ETHICS

Vegan Status: Yes – fermentation or synthetic

Halal Status: Yes

Source Notes: Commercially produced for cosmetic use. verify vegan/halal status with supplier.

SKIN COMPATIBILITY

Irritancy Rating: 1/5 – very low

Comedogenicity Rating: 0/5 – non-comedogenic

Sensitivity Concerns: Well-tolerated by most skin types.

Safe for Sensitive Skin: Yes

SAFETY & COMPATIBILITY

Safety Profile: Good safety profile at recommended concentrations. ewg score: 1–2.

Works Well With: Standard skincare actives

Avoid Combining With: No known significant incompatibilities

SCIENTIFIC NOTE

Glycine's mandatory presence at every third position in collagen's triple helix (gly-x-y repeat) arises from its unique zero side-chain structure — only glycine is small enough to fit at the sterically restricted centre of the triple helix where the three polypeptide chains cross. no other amino acid can substitute for glycine in the collagen triple helix without disrupting the structure, making glycine irreplaceable in collagen biology.

Last Verified: Cosing database,cir safety assessment

Primary Sources: 2026-03-12